Stove



c. HARTWELL.

Reservoir Cooking Stove.

i rErERs, Panno-umgnpher. wamingm Dy C.

unirsi) sfrxrs PATENT ormoni.

C. HARTXVELL, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

. f i sTovE.

T o all 'whom t mary` concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES IIARTWELL, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Cooking, Heating, and Ventilating; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming partof this specification, in which- Figure l is a frontele-vation. Fig. 2 is an end elevation. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical section, and Fig. l is a transverse vertical section.

Similarletters ofreference indicate like parts in all the drawings.

My invention is a portable heating and cooking apparatus constructed and operating in the manner explained below and so provided that it may if desired be put in communication with the external air so that it may be made to ventilate the apart-ment or the building.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention I will proceed to describe its construction and operation by the aid of the drawings.

A is a lirepot lined with firebrick as usual, A is the door, and A is a pipe leading therefrom to convey away the products of combust-ion.

The red arrows indicate the route of the products of combustion.

B is a horizontal plate beneath the fire pot, B is a horizontal plate above the tire pot, and B is a.vertical sheet extending around the tire pot. B B and B, considered collectively, form a case, B, much larger than the irepot and inclosing it in t-he manner represented.

O O are tubes extending vertically through the case B. They are sustained by the sheets B and B, and form free passages through which air may flow without mixture with the contents of B.

D is a horizontal plat-e a few inches beneath B. D and D, considered collectively, form a case a little larger than B and inclosing it in the manner represented.

E is an open vessel fixed in Contact with the lirepot, between it and the interior of the case B, and made to contain water.

E is a pipe extending through B and connecting its interior with E which is a similar vessel located between Bl and D.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 22,250, dated December '7, 1858.

A pipe c leads into E from any suitable reservoir above. T o the lever of this cock is attached a ball which floats on the surface of the water in E, so that as the water rises it shuts the cock and as it lowers it opens it.

F is an oven inclosed in the upper portion of the case B but entirely exterior to the tirepot. It is prevented from receiving radiant heat therefrom by the horizontal plate f' interposed between.

A very small orifice is provided in the side of the fire pot or ashpit at fz. This opening and the water pipe E are the only legitimate avenues of communication with the space inclosed between the firepot and the interior of the case B. But there may be cracks or leaks of various sizes either in the firepot A or in the case B without materially affecting the operation which I will now describe.

The fire within A heats its surface in the ordinary manner. The air inclosed within 1B becomes heated by Contact with A, and

transmits heat by convection to the pipes and to the oven F. The effect is very ygreatly increased by the vapor rising from the open vessel E which mingles with the air and produces a hot mixture composed partly of air and partly of supcrheated steam. This mixture possesses very great facility for receiving and imparting heat. greater by far than air alone` while it circulates as freely as air, and thus absorbs the heat from the surface of the firepot and conveys it to the cooler surfaces. The caloric thus conveyed is milder than that transmitted by direct radiation, but is of a higher temperature than that conveyed by water or steam, and is also free from all danger of explosion.

In case the evaporation of the water in E raises the pressure of the mixture so as to exceed that of the external air a portion of the mixture flows through the orifice a into the ash pit, and is drawn up through the fire and discharged from the building without mixing with the air of the apartment.A The oven F and the tubes C are thus constantly surrounded with a highly conductive and rapidly circulating mixture of air and vapor, at a high temperature, and as a result acquire a very uniform and moderately high temperature. The contents of the oven or of a kettle or other vessel exposed to this mixture are cooked rapidly and uniformly IIO and without danger of burning. AMy apparatus is superior to any ot-her apparatus known to me for this purpose, as it secures in a sufficient degree the moderate eect produced by the water medium in the common glue pot or farina kettle, with but little labor of attendance, and absolutely without danger of explosion, etc. The top, the sides, and the bottom of F being by this means heated to precisely equal temperatures under all conditions, the operation of cooking is performed with a degree of uniformity peculiar to itself alone.

I am. aware that common steam or vapor and also the same heated after its generation to a temperature higher than that due to its pressure, have each been before used for cooking and in such manner that effects were produced in some degree analogous to those obtained by my method, but all previous eiforts have differed from mine in allowing the convective fluid to come in direct contact with the articles to be cooked thereby moistening or drying the food according to the condition of the steam, while mine preserves the food in a separate vessel and applies the heat evenly and rapidly to its exterior. All the previous methods of cooking by any kind of steam have also involved either a necessity for a continuous current or escape of unused steam through or past the food, or a necessity for strong and tight vessels and a risk of danger from the pressure of the conned fluid. But the loss of heat due to the constant flow referred to and the expense of construction and the risk of explosion due to imprisonment of the vapor are equally avoided by my apparatus. The convenience due to the separate cooking vessel or chamber F in the facility it aifords for the supply and removal of the food without waste of the convective fluid is also important.

A pipe (l, connected to my apparatus in the manner represented, communicates either with the external air by an addition made for the purpose or with the apartment as represented. The air in the pipes C, becoming heated in the manner above described, rises into the apartment, as represented by the arrows, and the air flowing through Z into the space beneath D maintains a constant upward flow of moderately and uniformly heated air through all the pipes C, C. Thus the room or the building is warmed and ventilated bymy apparatus.

The ball and cock in the vessel E insure a constant. level of the water therein, and the connection with E by the pipe E insures a corresponding supply in the vessel E, hon ever rapidly it may be evaporated. The reservoir to supply the pipe e may be placed it' desired on the top of the apparatus and may be sustained in any convenient manner thereon. It is represented as a large shallow urn in Fig. l.

I do not claim the employment of a mixture of air and super-heated vapor for heating air for warming buildings, for this I am aware is the invent-ion of I. H. H. Perkins and was patented by him in December, 1856. But

lA claim- 1.. In connection with the evaporating vessel E or its equivalent for supplying vapor to the air, the within described arrangement of the parts of my stove, consisting of the flrepot A, lower chamber B D, receiving pipe cl, tubes C, and oven or other cool;- ing vessel F arranged in relation to each other substantially in the manner and for the purposes described.

2. In connection with the above I also claim the aperture a leading from t-he interior of the case B to the ash-pit in the manner and for the purposes within described.

CHAS. HARTVVELL.

itnesses Trios F. LYNCH, THOMAS I). S'rmsoN. 

